Solar Panel Buying Guide India 2026 — Everything Before You Sign

Buying solar is a ₹1–5 lakh decision that lasts 25 years. Getting it right the first time matters. This guide covers every key decision point based on India's market in 2026.

Step 1: Calculate How Much Solar You Need

Before getting quotes, know your target system size. Check your last electricity bill for monthly units consumed.

  • Monthly consumption 100–150 units → 1 kW system
  • Monthly consumption 150–300 units → 2 kW system
  • Monthly consumption 300–500 units → 3 kW system
  • Monthly consumption 500+ units → 5 kW or larger

Rule of thumb: 1 kW of solar generates ~100–130 units/month in most Indian cities (slightly less in monsoon months).

Step 2: Decide On-Grid, Off-Grid, or Hybrid

This one decision changes your budget by ₹50,000–1,50,000:

  • On-grid (recommended for cities with stable power): No battery, lowest cost, maximum subsidy
  • Hybrid (recommended for most Indian homes): Battery backup for power cuts, slightly higher cost
  • Off-grid (only if no grid connection): Fully independent, highest cost, no central subsidy

Step 3: Apply for PM Surya Ghar Yojana Subsidy First

Don't sign with any installer before registering for PM Surya Ghar Yojana subsidy. The subsidy is:

  • Up to 2 kW: ₹30,000/kW (up to ₹60,000)
  • 3 kW: ₹18,000 for the 3rd kW (total ₹78,000 max)
  • Above 3 kW for residential: no additional central subsidy

Register at: pmsuryaghar.gov.in → click "Apply for Rooftop Solar" → choose your state and DISCOM → complete form with your electricity consumer number. The subsidy is credited directly to your bank account after installation + DISCOM net metering approval.

Important: You must choose an MNRE-empanelled installer (listed on the portal) to be eligible for this subsidy. Most good installers are already empanelled — verify before signing.

Step 4: Get at Least 3 Quotes

Never buy from the first installer who visits. Get quotes from at least 3 empanelled installers. Quotes should include:

  • Brand and model of solar panels (watt rating, efficiency, warranty)
  • Brand and model of inverter
  • Battery specifications (if hybrid/off-grid)
  • Mounting structure type (aluminium, galvanised steel, etc.)
  • DC cable specification (4 sq.mm or 6 sq.mm, UV-resistant)
  • Earthing and lightning protection
  • Net metering application service (included or extra?)
  • Total installed cost and subsidy amount
  • Annual maintenance contract terms

If a quote doesn't specify panel brand and model, don't accept it. "Good quality solar panels" is not a specification.

Step 5: Evaluate Panel Quality

Things to check about the panels being offered:

  • IEC certifications: IEC 61215 (performance) + IEC 61730 (safety) are mandatory. Ask for the certificate.
  • BIS certification: Bureau of Indian Standards IS 14286 certification for panels sold in India
  • Tier-1 manufacturer: Bloomberg's Tier-1 list or equivalent — indicates financial stability and bankability
  • Efficiency: Below 18% efficiency (for mono) is outdated stock. Expect 19–22% for good mono PERC
  • Temperature coefficient: −0.40%/°C or better (lower is better for Indian heat)
  • Product warranty: Minimum 10 years; 12+ years is better
  • Performance warranty: 25 years at minimum 80% output (linear degradation is premium)

Step 6: Evaluate Inverter Quality

The inverter is the solar system's brain and the most likely component to need replacement. Key checks:

  • BIS/MNRE approved: Inverters must be on MNRE's approved list for subsidy eligibility
  • Efficiency: 95%+ is good; 97%+ is excellent
  • MPPT efficiency: How well it tracks maximum power from panels
  • Monitoring app: Most modern inverters have WiFi + smartphone monitoring — check this works in India
  • Warranty: 5 years standard; 10 years with extended warranty (worth paying for)
  • Local service: Does the inverter brand have service centers in your city? Sungrow, Growatt, Havells, Luminous have good India networks.

Step 7: Check Installer Credentials

The installer's quality of work determines your system's real-world performance. Verify:

  • MNRE empanelment: Check pmsuryaghar.gov.in vendor list or your state renewable energy agency list
  • Years in business: 3+ years preferred. New companies may not honor long-term commitments
  • Local references: Ask for 3 recent customer contacts in your city — call them
  • Certified electricians: Installation must be done by licensed electricians (electrical contractor license)
  • Physical office: Visit their office. A company operating from a residential flat is a risk
  • GST registration: Always get a proper GST invoice

Step 8: Understand What's Included in the Quote

Low-price quotes often exclude critical items. Verify these are included:

  • Net metering application and DISCOM liaison (₹2,000–10,000 value)
  • Earthing and lightning arrestor (essential, not optional)
  • DC-AC disconnect switches
  • Generation meter
  • Roof waterproofing/sealing at mounting points
  • Structural load analysis for your roof type
  • Post-installation commissioning and training

Step 9: Payment Terms and Contract

Standard payment structure for reputable installers:

  • 20–30% advance on signing
  • 40–50% on material delivery
  • Remaining 20–30% on commissioning + net meter installation

Red flags in payment terms:

  • 100% advance required — big red flag
  • Payment demanded in cash (loses GST input credit benefit)
  • No written contract — never proceed without a signed agreement

Your contract must specify: Panel brand + model, inverter brand + model, warranty terms, installation timeline, penalty for delay, after-sales service terms.

Step 10: After Installation — What to Verify

Before making final payment, verify:

  • All panels are the brand and model specified in the contract (check serial numbers)
  • Inverter model matches quote
  • System generates roughly expected units on a clear sunny day (check inverter display)
  • Proper earthing installed (test with multimeter or ask inspector to verify)
  • Net metering meter installed by DISCOM (this may take 1–3 months after application)
  • All electrical work is neat, proper cable management, no exposed wires
  • Roof mounts are leak-proof (check inside during or after installation)
  • You receive: inverter manual, warranty cards, system design document, net metering application receipt

What Does Solar Cost in India in 2026?

System SizeOn-Grid CostAfter SubsidyHybrid CostPayback
1 kW₹65,000–85,000₹35,000–55,000₹1.2–1.7 lakh5–7 yrs
2 kW₹1.10–1.40 lakh₹50,000–80,000₹1.8–2.4 lakh5–7 yrs
3 kW₹1.50–2.0 lakh₹72,000–1.22 lakh₹2.5–3.2 lakh4–6 yrs
5 kW₹2.20–2.80 lakh₹1.42–2.02 lakh₹3.5–4.5 lakh5–7 yrs

Common Solar Buying Mistakes in India

  • Choosing cheapest quote without checking quality — A ₹20,000 cheaper system with unknown panels will underperform and may fail warranty claims
  • Not checking MNRE empanelment — Ineligible for PM Surya Ghar subsidy
  • Paying 100% advance — If work doesn't happen, recovery is difficult
  • Buying "off the shelf" without a site survey — System sizing without seeing your roof leads to under/overinstallation
  • Ignoring shadow analysis — A single shadow source (water tank, AC unit, neighbour's building) can reduce output by 20–40%
  • Not registering subsidy yourself — Some installers claim they'll handle it but don't follow through. Register on pmsuryaghar.gov.in yourself.